Original Research Articles
3 July 2024
Vol. 31 No. 2 (2024)
https://doi.org/10.4081/ltj.2024.394

A PCR-based study to evaluate the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy in extraction socket disinfection

Publisher's note
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
Photodynamic therapy, infected sockets, photosensitizer, disinfection
3124
Views
423
Downloads

Authors

Sakshi K. Nerkar
drsakshinerkar@gmail.com
Department of Periodontology M.A., Rangoonwala College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, India.
Rashmi Hegde
Department of Periodontology M.A., Rangoonwala College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, India.
Nida Shaikh
Department of Periodontology M.A., Rangoonwala College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, India.
Neha Langade
Department of Periodontology M.A., Rangoonwala College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, India.

The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of (Light-Activated) photodynamic therapy in extraction socket disinfection. The goal is to assess the quantitative and qualitative changes in microbial load following the use of photodynamic therapy in extraction socket disinfection. This study included 20 patients ranging in age from 18 to 55 years who required extraction of non-restorable teeth or those with periapical lesions. Extraction was done under local anesthesia, following the principles of atraumatic extraction for socket preservation. Pre-operative samples were collected with paper points for real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. A photosensitizer, methylene blue dye, was applied for 60 seconds. The PDT laser (660nm) was used for a total of 3 minutes, with 20 second intervals. Following PDT application, repeat samples were collected for PCR analysis to determine the bactericidal effect in socket disinfection. The results showed a predominance of P. gingivalis, a potential periodontal pathogen, and a significant reduction in the same following the application of light activated PDT. Photodynamic therapy has demonstrated promising bactericidal effects, which can improve postoperative outcomes and be considered as one treatment option for immediate implants in infected sockets.

Altmetrics

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Citations

Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC
Naves MM, Horbylon BZ, Gomes CF, et al. Immediate implants placed into infected sockets: a case report with 3-year follow-up. Braz Dent J 2009;20:254-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-64402009000300015
Anneroth G, Hedström KG, Kjellman O, et al. Endosseus titanium implants in extraction sockets. An experimental study in monkeys. Int J Oral Surg 1985;14:50-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0300-9785(85)80010-7
Lazzara RJ. Immediate implant placement into extraction sites: surgical and restorative advantages. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 1989;9:332-43.
Esposito M, Grusovin MG, De Angelis N, et al. The adjunctive use of light-activated disinfection (LAD) with FotoSan is ineffective in the treatment of peri-implantitis: 1-year results from a multicentre pragmatic randomised controlled trial. Eur J Oral Implantol 2013;6:109-19.
Andrade PF, Garlet GP, Silva JS, et al. Adjunct effect of the antimicrobial photodynamic therapy to an association of non-surgical and surgical periodontal treatment in modulation of gene expression: a human study. J Photochem Photobiol B 2013;126:119-25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2013.06.012
Arweiler NB, Pietruska M, Skurska A, et al. Nonsurgical treatment of aggressive periodontitis with photodynamic therapy or systemic antibiotics. Three-month results of a randomized, prospective, controlled clinical study. Schweiz Monatsschr Zahnmed 2013;123:532-44.
Aas JA, Paster BJ, Stokes LN, et al. Defining the normal bacterial flora of the oral cavity. J Clin Microbiol 2005;43:5721-32. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.43.11.5721-5732.2005
Romano F, Barbui A, Aimetti M. Periodontal pathogens in periodontal pockets and in carotid atheromatous plaques. Minerva Stomato 2007;56:169-79.
Bhattacharya R, Xu F, Dong G, et al. Effect of bacteria on the wound healing behavior of oral epithelial cells. PLoS One 2014;9:e89475. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0089475
Laheij AM, van Loveren C, Deng D, de Soet JJ. The impact of virulence factors of Porphyromonas gingivalis on wound healing in vitro. J Oral Microbiol 2015;7:27543. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3402/jom.v7.27543
Wainwright M. Photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT). J Antimicrob Chemother 1998;42:13-28. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/42.1.13
Nicolae V, Chiscop I, Cioranu VSI, et al. The use of photoactivated blue-O toluidine for periimplantitis treatment in patients with periodontal disease. Revista De Chimie 2015;66:2121-3.
Takasaki AA, Aoki A, Mizutani K, et al. Application of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in periodontal and peri-implant diseases. Periodontol 2000 2009;51:109-40. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0757.2009.00302.x
Corbella S, Taschieri S, Tsesis I, Del Fabbro M. Postextraction implant in sites with endodontic infection as an alternative to endodontic retreatment: a review of literature. J Oral Implantol 2013;39:399-405. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1563/AAID-JOI-D-11-00229
Kakar A, Kakar K, Leventis MD, Jain G. Immediate implant placement in infected sockets: a consecutive cohort study. J Lasers Med Sci 2020;11:167-73. DOI: https://doi.org/10.34172/jlms.2020.28
Munteanu IR, Luca RE, Mateas M, et al. The efficiency of photodynamic therapy in the bacterial decontamination of periodontal pockets and its impact on the patient. Diagnostics 2022;12:3026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12123026
Andere NMRB, Castro Dos Santos NC, Araújo CF, et al. Open flap debridement compared to repeated applications of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of residual pockets: A randomized clinical trial. J Periodontol 2022;93:1671-81. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/JPER.22-0059
Chambrone L, Wang HL, Romanos GE. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy for the treatment of periodontitis and peri-implantitis: An American Academy of Periodontology best evidence review. J Periodontol 2018;89:783-803.

How to Cite



A PCR-based study to evaluate the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy in extraction socket disinfection. (2024). Laser Therapy, 31(2). https://doi.org/10.4081/ltj.2024.394
Copyright (c) 2024 the Author(s) Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.