Er:YAG laser for the aesthetic treatment of developmental enamel defects in frontal teeth: a case report

Background and aims: Several studies highlighted how the ameloblasts, secretory cells responsible of the tooth enamel formation, are highly sensitive to changes in their environment. Due to enamel maturation, their dysfunctions during a limited period of tooth development may lead to permanent morphological consequences, namely Developmental Enamel Defects (DED). The aim of this study was to show the advantages of Er:YAG laser for DED treatment. Subjects and methods: The case report presented describes the treatment, by Er:YAG laser, of some DED lesions present in the upper incisors of a young patient. The settings used were: 1W power, 100mJ energy, 10 Hz frequency corresponding to a Fluence of 0.318 J/cm2 per pulse or 3, 18 J/cm2. Results: The patient, even in absence of local anesthesia, did not feel any pain or discomfort during and after intervention. Follow-up at 2, 6 and 12 months did not show any problems in an aesthetic point of view as well as regarding hypersensitivity. Conclusions: The use of Er:YAG laser for the treatment of developmental enamel defects in frontal teeth is a safe, painless and minimally invasive; moreover, it is able to assure a good aesthetic result.